Greater
or Lesser Harm
The ancient Greek cult of the Kriophoros is captured in the image of the
ram-bearer’ and can teach us something about the nature of harm. The Kriophoros is also foundational in Early
Christian Art (http://albertis-window.com/2017/03/the-mosocophoros-kriophoros-and-early-christian-art/).
In the ancient world, the imagery and metaphor of sheep was used as a medium
for understanding life. You can see images of the Kriophoros on
the Acropolis. The symbol of the shepherd carrying the lamb on their shoulders
was attributed to the myth of Hermes cult (500 BC) but later was adopted into
Christian mythology. The image of the Kriophorus can
be found in the catacombs.
Like many things in transition
from Greek, Roman and to Christian traditions, there was much mingling of
symbols, cults and myths in the first Century. Much of the theology at the time
was an amalgam of cults and symbols.
The idea of carrying the lamb on
shoulders is that it had wandered away from the flock, and was in danger of
being killed by wolves. So, the good shepherd wanders out to find the lost
sheep and in order to stop it’s wandering, breaks its leg and carries it back
to the flock. Here the lamb recovers in safety under the protection of the
flock and the shepherd. Hence the act of harm was understood as an act of
protection. By the third and fourth century, the Kriophoros has
become an orthodox Christian tradition and was used to understand the early
Christian gospels use of the sheep and lamb metaphor.
There are fascinating links
between the myth of the Kriophoros and
Aries in Astrology and zodiac symbology. Hermes is mentioned in the Illiad as
the protector of sheep.
Regardless of the amalgam of
cultic symbology brought into Christianity, it has always been accepted in
Christian theology, that harm is not wrong. Indeed, that good can come out of
harm even though it may involve pain and suffering. This was also foundational
to the theology of Luther and you can buy ceramic Kriophoros in
Wittenberg.
When I was in Logrono, Spain I
once was wandering around the town market on a Sunday morning looking for a
coffee and to my surprise saw a Kriophoros jumbled
amongst a range of trinkets at one of the stalls. So I snapped it up and it now
sits in my glass semiotics cupboard. I haven’t seen one since.
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